Key takeaway: This page sets India's and Singapore's official figures side by side as each agency printed them, with unit, reference period and date. For example, Singapore's Ministry of Manpower (MOM) says Singapore does not have a minimum wage, while India's Ministry of Labour and Employment says the National Floor Level Minimum Wage was introduced as a non-statutory/advisory measure, its annual report says the Code on Wages, 2019 provides for a statutory floor wage to be fixed by the Central Government (the official pages we read print no amount), and it prints central-sphere rates in rupees per day; for pay, India's survey prints an average and MOM a median, for different groups of workers. It does not convert currencies, average, rank or advise, and it says where the official pages we read state nothing.

What this page compares and why the numbers are not like-for-like

This page sets out figures that official agencies in India and Singapore print, each with its own currency, unit, reference period and date. It does not convert currencies, annualise, average or rank them, and it gives no advice. The figures are not like-for-like. Where the official pages we read state no figure, this page says so.

How the pay and price figures are defined

The Periodic Labour Force Survey report of India's Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) gives average wage/salary earnings during the preceding calendar month of regular wage/salaried employees in current weekly status, with a survey period of January-December 2025. MOM prints a median figure: the median gross monthly income from employment of full-time employed residents, meaning Singapore citizens and permanent residents, including employer/platform operator Central Provident Fund (CPF) contributions and one-twelfth of annual bonuses, for mid-year. The Department of Statistics Singapore (SingStat) says its Consumer Price Index measures price movements (changes in prices) but not absolute price levels at a point in time, and covers only household consumption expenditure of resident households.

Minimum wage in India: the National Floor Level Minimum Wage

The Ministry of Labour and Employment's undated information page on the Minimum Wages Act, 1948 says the National Floor Level Minimum Wage (NFLMW) is presently a non-statutory measure; its year-wise statement, in rupees per day, ends with 2017 at Rs 176, which this page does not show as a current figure. A Rajya Sabha answer dated 30.07.2026 says the Central Government introduced the NFLMW, on a 1991 recommendation, as a non-statutory/advisory measure; that the Code on Wages, 2019 has been made effective from 21.11.2025; and that the Code empowers both central and state governments to fix, review and revise the minimum rates of wages for establishments under their jurisdiction. The Ministry's annual report lists among the Code's benefits a statutory floor wage to be fixed by the Central Government, below which no employee shall be paid wages; the official pages we read print no amount for it. The Ministry's annual report says the Code on Wages, 2019 was enacted on 08.08.2019 by subsuming the provisions of four labour laws, including the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, and that the minimum rates of wages include a Variable Dearness Allowance (VDA) revised twice a year, effective from 1 April and 1 October. A Rajya Sabha answer says the Code on Wages (Central) Rules, 2026 were notified on 08.5.2026.

Minimum wage in India: statutory right and central-sphere rates

A Press Information Bureau factsheet of 23 November 2025 says Section 5 of the Code on Wages, 2019 establishes a statutory right to minimum wages for all employees. The official pages we read print no current rupee amount for a national floor wage and none for any state. For the central sphere only, the Ministry's annual report prints rates including variable dearness allowance (VDA), in rupees per day, as on 01.10.2025: agriculture, unskilled, Rs 514 in Area A, Rs 470 in Area B and Rs 465 in Area C; loading and unloading, unskilled, Rs 805, Rs 674 and Rs 541 respectively. The Ministry's undated page on the Minimum Wages Act, 1948 says central-sphere VDA is revised from 1 April and 1 October every year; the pages we read print no later central table.

Minimum wage in Singapore

MOM says Singapore does not have a minimum wage and that salary is subject to negotiation and agreement between employer and employee or trade union (page last updated 30 January 2026). For a job role not covered by the Progressive Wage Model (PWM), MOM says there is no minimum salary requirement (page last updated 18 June 2026). MOM says the PWM covers Singapore citizens and Singapore permanent residents.

Progressive Wage Model rates and the Local Qualifying Salary

MOM's PWM sector tables carry their own periods. For full-time outsourced cleaners (35-44 hours per week), Group 1 office and commercial sites, the monthly basic wage requirement for 1 Jul 2026 - 30 Jun 2027 is $2,080 for an indoor cleaner and $2,870 for a supervisor. For full-time retail workers, the monthly gross wage requirement, excluding overtime payments, for 1 Sep 2026 - 31 Aug 2027 is at least $2,435 for a retail assistant or cashier (both sector pages last updated 1 September 2026). MOM also says the Local Qualifying Salary (LQS) is the minimum salary that local employees must be paid in firms that hire foreign workers: at least $1,800 gross for full-time local employees (35-44 hours per week) and at least $10.50 per hour gross for local part-timers (under 35 hours per week), page last updated 1 July 2026.

Pay statistics in India

The Periodic Labour Force Survey Annual Report 2025 (survey period January-December 2025; MoSPI press note of 27th March 2026) gives average wage/salary earnings during the preceding calendar month of regular wage/salaried employees in current weekly status: all India, rural plus urban, persons, Rs 22,699 for 2025 (male Rs 24,217; female Rs 18,353; rural Rs 17,841; urban Rs 26,247) and Rs 21,455 for 2024. The report also prints average earnings per day of casual labour in works other than public works, Rs 453 in 2025, and average gross earnings during the last 30 days from self-employment, Rs 14,861 in 2025, excluding self-employed persons who reported zero or did not report earnings.

Pay statistics in Singapore

MOM's income summary table (released 31/8/2026) prints the median gross monthly income from employment of full-time employed residents, including employer/platform operator CPF contributions, as $5,775 for mid-year 2025 and $5,500 for mid-year 2024. A separate table on the same page prints a mean, including employer/platform operator CPF contributions, excluding bonus and covering employed residents, of $6,593 for 1Q 2026 and $6,605 for 2Q 2026 (preliminary). India's Periodic Labour Force Survey report also prints average wage and salary earnings by occupation division (Table 51), which this page does not reproduce; the Singapore pages we read print no pay statistics by occupation, and this page does not compare the figures.

Prices and inflation in India

MoSPI's press release dated 14th September 2026 says retail inflation based on the Consumer Price Index (base year 2024) in August 2026 is 4.82%, year-on-year over August 2025 and provisional. It gives year-on-year food inflation, based on the Consumer Food Price Index, as 5.95% and prints 2.61% for 'Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels' in the combined sector. For the group 'Actual rental payments made for housing' it shows, for the combined sector, an index of 103.92 and inflation of 2.27%: an index change, not an average rent in rupees. The CPI for September 2026 is due on 12th October 2026.

Prices and rents in Singapore

SingStat (published 23 Sep 2026) says the CPI in August 2026 rose 0.6% from the previous month and 2.3% from a year earlier, and that it measures price movements but not absolute price levels. The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), in a release of 24 July 2026, says rentals of private residential properties increased by 0.7% in 2nd Quarter 2026; this is a change, not a rent amount. The Housing & Development Board (HDB) release published 23 July 2026 has an Annex D that prints median rents for approved applications to rent out HDB flats in 2nd Quarter 2026, based on self-declared rents and rounded to the nearest ten dollars: 4-room flats, Ang Mo Kio $3,500, Central Area $4,600, Tampines $3,500, Yishun $3,100. The official pages we read state no average price level or average rent for either country.

Income tax in India: the new-regime slabs

The Income Tax Department's page headed 'Tax Slabs for AY 2026-27' says the new tax regime is the default regime for individuals, with an option for the eligible taxpayers to opt out of it and be taxed under the old regime. For individuals under 60 the new-regime slabs are: nil up to ₹4,00,000; 5% above ₹4,00,000 up to ₹8,00,000; ₹20,000 + 10% above ₹8,00,000 up to ₹12,00,000; ₹60,000 + 15% above ₹12,00,000 up to ₹16,00,000; ₹1,20,000 + 20% above ₹16,00,000 up to ₹20,00,000; ₹2,00,000 + 25% above ₹20,00,000 up to ₹24,00,000; ₹3,00,000 + 30% above ₹24,00,000.

Income tax in India: assessment year, rebate and cess

The Department's FAQ on the Income Tax Act, 2025 (the 2025 Act) says the terms previous year and assessment year referred to two different financial years, and that Tax Year 2026-27 covers income earned during FY 2026-27. The 'Tax Slabs for AY 2026-27' page says resident individuals are eligible for a rebate under section 87A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 of up to 100% of income tax, up to a maximum of ₹60,000 under the new regime, where taxable income does not exceed ₹12,00,000, and states Health & Education cess of 4% on income tax plus surcharge, if any.

Tax residence in India

On residence, the Department says that under section 6 of the Income Tax Act, 2025, for tax years beginning on or after 1 April 2026, an individual is treated as tax-resident if he stays in India for 182 days or more in the relevant tax year, or for 60 days or more in that year coupled with 365 days or more in the preceding four years; for AY 2026-27 its page prints the same two tests. The Department's Non Resident FAQs add that a citizen of India who leaves for employment outside India is regarded as resident only if his stay in India is 182 days or more during the relevant tax year.

Tax residence in India: visiting citizens and deemed residence

The Department's Non Resident FAQs also say a visiting Indian citizen or person of Indian origin is treated as resident if in India for more than 182 days in the tax year; for persons earning more than Rs. 15 lakh (other than income from foreign sources) the 60 days are read as 120 days, with 365 days or more in the four preceding years. They also say a citizen of India with total income over Rs 15 lakh (other than income from foreign sources) who is not liable to tax in any other country by reason of domicile, residence or similar criteria is deemed resident.

Tax residence in Singapore

The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) lists conditions for being treated as a tax resident for a Year of Assessment (YA), among them being a Singapore Citizen or Permanent Resident who resides in Singapore except for temporary absences, or a foreigner who has stayed or worked in Singapore for at least 183 days in the previous calendar year or continuously for 3 consecutive years; if the conditions are not met you are treated as a non-resident for tax purposes. It also says foreigners issued with a work pass valid for at least 1 year are treated as tax residents, with the status reviewed at tax clearance when employment ceases.

Income tax rates in Singapore

For tax residents IRAS prints progressive rates 'from YA 2024 onwards' on chargeable income: first $20,000 at 0%; next $10,000 at 2%; next $10,000 at 3.50%; then each next $40,000 at 7%, 11.5%, 15%, 18%, 19%, 19.5% and 20% in turn; next $180,000 at 22%; next $500,000 at 23%; in excess of $1,000,000 at 24%. Employment income of a non-resident is taxed at the flat rate of 15% or the progressive resident rates, whichever is the higher tax amount. Tax is calculated on a preceding year basis: income taxed in YA 2026 is income earned from 1 Jan 2025 to 31 Dec 2025. IRAS also says that as a tax resident you are taxed on all income earned in Singapore and that your foreign-sourced income brought into Singapore, except income received through partnerships in Singapore, is tax-exempt.

Social contributions and insurance in India

Section 16 of the Code on Social Security, 2020 (Gazette copy) provides that the employer's Provident Fund contribution is ten per cent of the wages and the employee's is equal to it; for any establishment or class of establishments the Central Government specifies by notification, 'twelve per cent' replaces 'ten per cent', and the pages we read do not say which rate applies to a given employer. A Press Information Bureau release of 21 November 2025 says the Code is made effective from 21st November 2025. The Ministry's annual report says the Employees' State Insurance contribution is 4% of monthly wages, the employer's share being 3.25% and the employee's 0.75%; the report says employees of covered factories and establishments drawing monthly wages up to Rs. 21000 per month (Rs. 25000 per month for persons with disabilities) are covered under the scheme.

Social contributions in Singapore: the Central Provident Fund

The Central Provident Fund (CPF) Board says employers must pay CPF contributions for employees who are Singapore Citizens or Singapore Permanent Residents earning total wages of more than $50 per month, and lists foreigners (persons who are not Citizens or SPRs) as exempted. Its rates from 1 January 2026, for Citizens and SPRs from the third year with monthly wages above $750, are, as % of wage, employer / employee / total: age 55 and below: 17 / 20 / 37; above 55 to 60: 16 / 18 / 34; above 60 to 65: 12.5 / 12.5 / 25; above 65 to 70: 9 / 7.5 / 16.5; above 70: 7.5 / 5 / 12.5.

Moving from India to Singapore: Employment Pass

MOM's Employment Pass (EP) page (last updated 28 April 2026) says EP candidates need to pass the points-based COMPASS, which needs 40 points, in addition to meeting the EP qualifying salary. For all sectors except financial services it prints a current minimum qualifying salary of $5,600 (increasing progressively with age from age 23, up to $10,700 at age 45 and above) and $6,000 (up to $11,500) for new applications from 1 Jan 2027 and for renewal of passes expiring from 1 Jan 2028; for financial services it prints $6,200 (up to $11,800) as current and $6,600 (up to $12,700) for the same later dates. A fixed monthly salary of at least $22,500 is listed as one condition for COMPASS exemption. MOM's key-facts page (4 May 2026) says first-time candidates get up to 2 years and renewals up to 3 years, with no foreign worker levy or quota required.

Moving from India to Singapore: S Pass

MOM's S Pass page (1 September 2026) says the S Pass is for foreign employees across all nationalities or citizenships who have a job offer in Singapore and earn a fixed monthly salary comparable to the top one-third of the local APT (associate professionals and technicians) workforce by age, and prints, for all sectors except financial services, a current minimum qualifying salary of $3,300 (up to $4,800 at age 45 and above) and $3,600 (up to $5,100) for new applications submitted from 1 Jan 2027 and renewal of passes expiring from 1 Jan 2028.

Moving from India to Singapore: Work Permit and Employment Pass entry

MOM's Work Permit page (29 September 2026) says the Work Permit allows semi-skilled migrant workers from approved source countries/regions to work in certain sectors, and its construction-sector page (3 July 2026) lists India among the non-traditional sources from which migrant workers can be employed. MOM says the in-principle approval of an EP is a pre-approved single-entry visa giving the candidate 6 months to enter Singapore and get the pass issued, and that candidates do not need to be in Singapore when the employer applies (page of 15 June 2026).

Moving from India to Singapore: the entry visa

On entry, the Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (ICA) list says that if your travel document is issued by one of the listed countries, India among them, you will require a valid visa to enter Singapore; its India page says holders of diplomatic, official and service passports do not need a visa. ICA says possession of a valid visa does not guarantee entry and that the period of stay is not tied to the validity of the visa; the list page shows “Last updated on 25 June 2026” and the India page “Last updated on 02 March 2024”.

Moving from India to Singapore: CECA

The Ministry of Energy, Trade and Industry (page of 21 August 2026) says the India-Singapore Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA), which entered into force in 2005, does not give Indian nationals unfettered access to Singapore's labour market, that all Indian nationals still have to apply for the relevant passes, and that EP applicants must satisfy MOM's salary and qualification requirements, no different from those required of applicants from other countries.

Moving from Singapore to India: visa and eVisa

The Indian Visa Online portal (undated) says holders of passports from the countries it lists may use eVisa and lists Singapore among them, but says eVisa is not allowed for employment and that a Regular Visa may be applied for; its Visa-on-Arrival page names nationals of Japan, South Korea and, in a stated case, UAE, and does not name Singapore.

Moving from Singapore to India: Employment Visa conditions

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) FAQ on work-related visas (undated) says an Employment Visa is granted to foreigners coming to India for employment subject to conditions, including that the applicant is a highly skilled and/or qualified professional engaged or appointed by a company, organization, industry or undertaking in India on contract or employment basis, that it is not granted for jobs for which qualified Indians are available or for routine, ordinary or secretarial/clerical jobs, and that the foreign national being sponsored should draw a salary 'in excess of US$ 25,000 per annum'.

Moving from Singapore to India: Employment Visa salary figures

MHA's Annex III prints a gross salary 'in excess of Rs. 16.25 lakhs per annum'. Both MHA documents list categories to which the floor does not apply. Annex III also sets a minimum salary limit of Rs. 9.10 lakhs per annum for an Employment Visa, for foreign nationals engaged as teaching faculty at Assistant Professor level and above by the Central Higher Educational Institutions it names: Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Central Universities (CUs), National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) and Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs). Neither MHA document states when its salary figures took effect, and this page does not say which figure applies now.

Family: the Dependant's Pass in Singapore

MOM says an Employment Pass holder earning at least $6,000 a month can bring a legally married spouse and unmarried children under 21, including legally adopted children, on a Dependant's Pass (DP), and a common-law spouse, unmarried handicapped children aged 21 and above and unmarried step-children under 21 on a Long-Term Visit Pass (page updated 24 March 2024). MOM's Dependant's Pass eligibility page (last updated 14 March 2024) says family members of Employment Pass holders who chose to apply as an overseas intra-corporate transferee (ICT) under the World Trade Organization's General Agreement on Trade in Services (WTO GATS) or an applicable free trade agreement (FTA) are not eligible for Dependant's Passes or Long-Term Visit Passes, except where they are specifically covered by an applicable FTA and meet the prevailing criteria for consideration.

Family: S Pass holders and work for dependants

MOM's S Pass page (1 September 2026) says S Pass holders with a fixed monthly salary of at least $6,000 are eligible for a Dependant's Pass for their spouse and children. MOM's page of 25 March 2026 says prospective employers can apply for an EP, S Pass or DP-Work Permit for DP holders. The trade ministry says Dependant's Pass holders need an applicable work pass to work and that CECA does not oblige Singapore to allow the entry of all Indian dependants.

Family: CECA Article 9.6 on spouses and dependants

CECA Chapter 9, Article 9.6, says that for natural persons granted long-term temporary entry and allowed to bring in spouses or dependants, a Party shall upon application grant the accompanying spouses or dependants of the other Party the right to work as managers, executives or specialists, subject to its relevant licensing, administrative and registration requirements. The chapter says its obligations apply only to the sectors in which specific commitments are undertaken by the concerned Party under Chapters 6 and 7 of the Agreement. Article 9.3 of the same chapter also says that natural persons of either Party granted temporary entry into the other Party's territory shall not be required to make contributions to social security funds in the host country; that obligation is subject to the same scope limit.

Family: dependants in India

The MHA FAQ (undated) says family members of an 'E' visa holder shall be granted an 'X' visa subject to usual security checks provided the family members are otherwise eligible for grant of such a visa, and Annex III (undated) says a dependent visa of appropriate sub-category may be granted.

What changed recently or is about to change in India

The Immigration and Foreigners Act, 2025 came into force on 1 September 2025 under a Ministry of Home Affairs notification dated 31 August 2025, and its section 36 repeals four earlier Acts, including the Foreigners Act, 1946. A Press Information Bureau release of 21 November 2025 says the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 are made effective from 21st November 2025. The Income Tax Department says the Income Tax Act, 2025 uses 'tax year' from 1 April 2026, and the Finance Bill 2026 memorandum says the section 202 rates for tax year 2026-27 are the same as already enacted.

What changed recently or is about to change in Singapore

MOM prints higher EP and S Pass qualifying salaries for new applications from 1 Jan 2027, as stated above. The CPF Board announces (its employer page notes this in an update of 21 May 2026) that from 1 January 2027 the total CPF rate for employees aged above 55 to 60 goes from 34 to 35.5 and for above 60 to 65 from 25 to 26, while 55 and below stays at 37. URA's full statistics for 3rd Quarter 2026 are due on 23 October 2026.

What this page does not cover

This page does not cover whether dependants on an Indian X visa may work, Indian visa fees, the amount of India's statutory floor wage, pay statistics by occupation in either country, average rents, cost-of-living comparisons, benefits, or which country suits you. Check the official pages for them. It gives no advice, and nothing here is legal, tax or immigration advice or a statement of whether you would qualify for any pass or visa. Confirm every figure and rule on the official page before acting.

Questions before acting

What is the minimum wage in India and in Singapore?

India's Ministry of Labour and Employment says the National Floor Level Minimum Wage was introduced as a non-statutory/advisory measure, its annual report says the Code on Wages, 2019 provides for a statutory floor wage to be fixed by the Central Government (the official pages we read print no amount), and the official pages we read print no current national rupee amount for the National Floor Level Minimum Wage either. For the central sphere only, its annual report prints rates including variable dearness allowance, in rupees per day, as on 01.10.2025; for unskilled agriculture they are Rs 514 in Area A, Rs 470 in Area B and Rs 465 in Area C. MOM says Singapore does not have a minimum wage, that there is no minimum salary requirement for a job role not covered by the Progressive Wage Model, and that the PWM covers Singapore citizens and permanent residents. This page does not compare the two.

What do the official price figures for India and Singapore measure?

The official statistics we read measure different things: the release of India's Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) gives year-on-year inflation rates and index values, and SingStat says its Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures price movements but not absolute price levels at a point in time. The official pages we read print no average rent or average price level in rupees for India. For Singapore they print median rents of the Housing & Development Board (HDB) by town and flat type for approved rental applications, based on self-declared rents (for example Tampines, 4-room, $3,500 in 2nd Quarter 2026), which are not an average rent. This page does not compare living costs.

Do Indian passport holders need a visa to enter Singapore?

The Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (ICA) list says that if your travel document is issued by one of the listed countries, India among them, you will require a valid visa to enter Singapore; its India page says holders of diplomatic, official and service passports do not need a visa. ICA says possession of a valid visa does not guarantee entry, and the list page shows “Last updated on 25 June 2026” and the India page “Last updated on 02 March 2024”. For work passes, MOM says the in-principle approval of an Employment Pass is a pre-approved single-entry visa for the candidate to enter Singapore.

What salary floor do India's official pages print for an employment visa?

They print two figures and none states when it took effect. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) FAQ on work-related visas says the foreign national should draw a salary 'in excess of US$ 25,000 per annum'. MHA's Annex III prints 'in excess of Rs. 16.25 lakhs per annum'. Both MHA documents list categories to which the floor does not apply. This page does not convert them or say which one applies now.

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About the author

António Mira is the founder of whereTOemigrate. For over a decade he has worked at the intersection of Portuguese real estate and overseas business, helping international clients navigate the cross-border decisions that come with relocating. He sits on the board of CCIAP (Portuguese-Arab Chamber of Commerce), the Portuguese-Saudi Business Council, and the Portugal-Hong Kong Business Association — always with one focus: enabling overseas business and human mobility into and out of Portugal.

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